What Happens If TMS Doesn’t Work the First Time?

Ashley Keays • January 12, 2026

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a safe, non-invasive, FDA-cleared treatment that helps rebuild brain activity in people with depression and certain other conditions. Many patients respond well: real-world and clinical data show a high response and remission rate for those who complete a full course of treatment. 


That said, TMS doesn’t help everyone on the first course. Below is a clear, patient-friendly explanation of why that happens, how clinicians approach it, and what practical options exist if you’re not satisfied with your results.



Why TMS Sometimes Doesn’t “Work” Right Away


1. The brain needs time to adapt - the “TMS dip.”


Some patients experience a temporary worsening of symptoms a few weeks into treatment - a phenomenon often called the TMS dip. It’s thought to reflect the brain’s neuroplastic changes as circuits reorganize; for most people, this is a short-lived phenomenon that precedes improvement. Clinics frequently warn patients about the dip and monitor it closely.


2. Treatment parameters may need adjustment.


TMS requires correct coil targeting, intensity, and schedule. If coil placement, stimulation intensity, or session frequency is suboptimal, the standard protocol may not produce a response for a particular patient. Clinicians will often reassess mapping and parameters if improvement is delayed. 


3. An incomplete course or timing.


Many people see meaningful changes between sessions 20–30, and full benefits may appear by week 6–8. For some, the response is delayed, and a longer course or extra sessions are required. Real-world outcomes show many patients respond after completing a full regimen. 


4. Underlying diagnosis or comorbidities.


If symptoms are driven by an untreated medical issue, substance use, or a misdiagnosis, TMS may be less effective. A careful diagnostic review can reveal whether another condition is limiting response.


5. Medication interactions, life stressors, or adherence issues.


Changes in medication, inconsistent attendance, or major life stress can blunt the response. Good clinical coordination between psychiatry, psychotherapy, and the TMS team helps mitigate these factors.

Interested in learning more?


Schedule a consultation to see if TMS could be right for you.

Visit our contact page or call 253-900-1605 to speak with our team.

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What your care team will do next


If you don’t improve after the first TMS course, Creative Wellness clinicians typically take a stepwise, evidence-informed approach:


I. Reassessment:  review your whole clinical picture - symptoms, prior medication trials, sleep, substance use, medical issues, and psychosocial stressors. That helps rule out treatable factors that can limit response.


2. Check the treatment parameters: verify mapping/motor threshold, coil placement, and recorded treatment parameters. If anything looks off, the team may remap and adjust the protocol. (Accurate mapping is routine and recorded so we can reproduce the correct target each day.)

 

3. Extend or repeat treatment: for some patients, a second course, a longer protocol, or an extended number of sessions leads to improvement. Clinics may offer maintenance or booster sessions as well. 


4. Consider a different TMS protocol or device: rTMS vs. dTMS, and different stimulation parameters can produce different results for different patients. Your doctor will discuss alternatives if evidence suggests a benefit. (Clinic teams choose protocols based on evidence and individual needs.)


5. Combine treatments: adding or adjusting psychiatric medications, coordinating psychotherapy, or offering other advanced options (Spravato/esketamine, ketamine, or ECT in selected cases) may be recommended when appropriate. Clinical teams coordinate these decisions with psychiatry and the patient. 


Alternatives and combination options


  • Medication + TMS: Psychiatric medication can be optimized alongside TMS for better outcomes. Teams that manage medication and TMS together show better coordinated care. 


  • Spravato (esketamine): Spravato is a clinic-administered rapid-acting treatment that’s sometimes used when TMS alone is insufficient or as a complement. Creative Wellness guides what to expect if Spravato is pursued (monitoring, supervised dosing, and a brief recovery period). 


  • Ketamine / other ketamine-derived approaches: These can act quickly and are considered in select treatment-resistant cases; clinics often combine different modalities based on clinical need. 


  • ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy): For some severe or rapidly deteriorating cases, ECT remains a highly effective option and may be discussed when other advanced treatments are insufficient.


What you can expect as a patient


Open communication:

Your team will review outcomes with you at the end of a course and discuss next steps. (Many clinics schedule a final clinical review after the last treatment.) 


Shared decision-making:

Any change - repeat course, different protocol, or adjunctive treatment — should be made with your informed consent and a clear explanation of benefits and risks. 


Support & monitoring:

 Expect close follow-up, opportunities to ask questions, and coordination with psychiatry for medication adjustments if needed.


Read More: What to Expect



Final thoughts


Not responding to a first TMS course can be disappointing - but it’s also an opportunity to reassess and tailor care. With careful review (mapping and dosing checks), consideration of different protocols, combined psychiatric care, and other advanced treatments when appropriate, many patients still find a path to meaningful improvement.


If you’d like, we can:


  • Review your treatment record and mapping details,
  • Discuss a re-map, extended course or alternative protocol, or
  • Arrange a psychiatry consult to optimize medications or review options such as Spravato.


Contact Creative Wellness TMS at 253-900-1605 or info@creativewellnesstms.com to schedule a follow-up. 

  • If I don’t respond, does that mean TMS didn’t “work” for me?

    Not necessarily. Some people have a delayed response or need a modified protocol, a second course, or coordinated medication/therapy changes. Your care team will explain options based on your individual case. 

  • Are maintenance or booster sessions allowed?

    Yes-maintenance TMS or booster sessions are options for people who responded and later lose gains; clinics discuss the clinical rationale and costs.

  • What about Spravato or ketamine?

    These are clinic-supervised treatments that can be used when rapid symptom relief or a different mechanism is desired; your team can explain whether they’re appropriate for you. Creative Wellness provides guidance on what to expect and how sessions are monitored.

  • How long until I definitively know whether TMS helped?

    Many see improvements between sessions 20–30, but some patients show benefit later (end of week 6). Your clinician will consider symptom change, functioning, and objective scales when deciding next steps. 

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